Obesity is a common metabolic disease. When the body eats more calories than it burns, the excess calories are stored in the body in the form of fat. When the amount of fat exceeds the normal physiological needs and reaches a certain value, it will evolve into obesity. Obesity not only affects beauty, but also may cause a series of serious health problems, such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, etc.

Assessment and classification of obesity

There are various methods for assessing obesity, including anthropometry (such as BMI calculation), dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, ultrasound, CT, infrared induction, etc. According to different causes, obesity can be divided into simple obesity and secondary obesity. The former has no obvious cause, while the latter has a clear cause, such as endocrine disorders, drug side effects, etc.

Treatment methods for obesity

The treatment of obesity is a comprehensive process, mainly including the following aspects:

Behavioral therapy: Through publicity and education, patients and their families have a correct understanding of obesity and its hazards, so as to adopt a healthy lifestyle, change their diet and exercise habits, and persist in it for a long time.

Dietary adjustment: Under the guidance of a professional physician, evaluate appropriate calorie intake to ensure the proportion of nutrients required by the body, and achieve weight loss by adjusting the dietary structure. It is recommended to control the total calorie intake, reduce the intake of high sugar and high-fat foods, and increase the intake of dietary fiber.

Physical activity and sports: Develop a suitable exercise plan and lose weight through long-term exercise. The exercise method and amount should be suitable for the specific situation of the patient, and attention should be paid to gradual progress to avoid injury caused by excessive exercise.

Drug therapy: For patients with moderate to severe obesity, or those who have not responded to dietary and exercise therapy, drug therapy may be considered. Commonly used drugs include intestinal lipase inhibitors (such as orlistat) and hypoglycemic drugs with weight loss effects (such as metformin). However, it should be noted that medication treatment should be carried out under the guidance of a doctor and attention should be paid to the side effects of the medication.

Surgical treatment: For patients with severe obesity, weight loss failure, and multiple complications, surgical treatment may be considered. Surgical methods include gastric bypass surgery, jejunal ileum diversion surgery, etc., but there are certain risks associated with the surgery and strict control of indications is required.

In summary, the treatment of obesity requires comprehensive consideration of the patient's specific situation and the adoption of comprehensive treatment measures. At the same time, patients also need to maintain a positive attitude and patience, cooperate with the doctor's treatment plan, in order to achieve the desired weight loss effect.