Non Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is a highly heterogeneous proliferative disease originating from lymphoid tissue cells. It accounts for about 85% of all lymphoma patients and is a relatively common type of lymphoma. Non Hodgkin's lymphoma can be classified into B-cell lymphoma, T-cell lymphoma, and NK/T-cell lymphoma based on the type of originating lymphocytes, with B-cell lymphoma being the most common.

clinical manifestation

The clinical manifestations of non Hodgkin lymphoma are diverse, but painless lymphadenopathy is its most common initial symptom, usually occurring in the neck and supraclavicular regions, followed by the armpits and groin. As the condition progresses, patients may experience systemic symptoms such as fatigue, low-grade fever, night sweats, and weight loss. In addition, lymphoma may also invade other parts of the body, causing corresponding symptoms such as bone pain, skin lesions, testicular swelling, etc.

Causes and risk factors

The etiology and pathogenesis of non Hodgkin lymphoma are relatively complex and have not yet been fully elucidated. It may be related to genetic factors, immune function status, infection factors (such as EB virus, HIV, etc.) and environmental factors (such as chemical exposure, radiation exposure, bad lifestyle, etc.). In addition, patients who use immunosuppressive drugs for a long time also have an increased risk of developing the disease.

therapeutic method

There are various treatment methods for non Hodgkin lymphoma, mainly including the following:

Chemotherapy: It is the preferred treatment method, which uses systemic medication to kill lymphoma cells in the body and achieve the goal of controlling the condition.

Radiotherapy: For primary and residual lesions, radiotherapy can have a curative effect.

Bone marrow transplantation: For high-risk patients, autologous or allogeneic bone marrow transplantation is an effective treatment method.

Immunotherapy, such as CAR-T cell therapy, has shown promising prospects in the treatment of relapsed/refractory non Hodgkin lymphoma. This therapy activates the patient's own immune cells to attack tumor cells and has a high possibility of cure.

Molecular targeted therapy: Targeted therapy targeting specific molecular abnormalities, such as rituximab for specific treatment of B-cell lymphoma.

Latest treatment methods

In recent years, CAR-T cell therapy has made significant progress in the treatment of relapsed/refractory non Hodgkin lymphoma. Through early preventive intervention, CAR-T cell therapy is expected to be administered in outpatient settings, improving the convenience and accessibility of treatment. In addition, with the development of cell biology, molecular biology, and biotechnology, new immunotherapies and targeted therapies continue to emerge, providing more treatment options for non Hodgkin lymphoma patients.

In summary, non Hodgkin lymphoma is a highly heterogeneous disease, and its treatment methods need to be individualized according to the specific situation of the patient. The application of comprehensive treatment methods can significantly improve the survival rate and quality of life of patients.