Angina pectoris, also known as cardiac angina, is a clinical syndrome caused by acute and temporary ischemia and hypoxia of the myocardium due to insufficient blood supply to the coronary arteries. Its characteristics are mainly manifested as paroxysmal chest compression pain or discomfort, mainly located in the posterior part of the sternum, and can radiate to the precordial area, left upper limb, and even left shoulder and back. This type of pain often occurs during labor or emotional excitement, lasting for several minutes. After resting or taking nitrate preparations, the pain can be relieved or disappear.

Causes and triggers

The main cause of angina pectoris is coronary atherosclerosis, leading to stenosis or occlusion of the vascular lumen, which limits the blood supply to the myocardium. Common triggers include fatigue, emotional excitement, overeating, exposure to cold, rainy weather, etc.

symptom

In addition to typical chest pain, angina may also be accompanied by other symptoms such as increased heart rate, pale skin, cold sweats, abnormal heart sounds, etc. It is worth noting that some patients may only present with chest tightness without obvious chest pain.

therapeutic method

The treatment methods for angina include drug therapy, non drug therapy, and lifestyle intervention.

medication

Nitroester drugs, such as nitroglycerin, can rapidly dilate coronary arteries, increase myocardial blood supply, and relieve pain.

Beta blockers, such as metoprolol, can slow down heart rate and reduce myocardial oxygen consumption.

Calcium channel blockers, such as nifedipine, can inhibit myocardial contraction and reduce myocardial oxygen consumption.

Antiplatelet drugs, such as aspirin, can prevent thrombosis and prevent myocardial infarction.

Statins, such as atorvastatin, can stabilize plaques and prevent plaque rupture.

In addition, traditional Chinese patent medicines and simple preparations such as Shexiang Baoxin Pill and Suxiao Jiuxin Pill are also widely used in the treatment of angina pectoris, which can promote blood circulation and remove blood stasis and improve blood supply to the myocardium.

Non pharmacological therapy

Coronary artery stent implantation: For patients with severe coronary artery stenosis, stent implantation may be considered to restore smooth blood flow in the coronary artery.

Coronary artery bypass surgery: For patients with multiple vessel lesions or poor outcomes of stent implantation, bypass surgery can be used for treatment.

Lifestyle intervention

Stay rested: Patients with angina should maintain sufficient rest to reduce cardiac burden.

Adjust diet: Avoid high-fat and high salt diets, and eat more fresh vegetables and fruits.

Moderate exercise: Engaging in moderate exercise under the guidance of a doctor, such as walking, jogging, etc., can help improve cardiovascular function.

Smoking cessation and alcohol restriction: Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption are important risk factors for angina pectoris and should be avoided as much as possible.

In summary, the treatment of angina requires comprehensive consideration of the patient's specific situation and the adoption of comprehensive treatment measures to achieve the best therapeutic effect. At the same time, patients should actively cooperate with the doctor's treatment recommendations and maintain a good lifestyle to prevent disease recurrence and progression.